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In an era marked by virtual classrooms and digital learning platforms, the influence of online education on students’ emotional well-being emerges as a crucial discussion point. As students navigate screens rather than traditional classrooms, understanding the nuanced impact of this shift on their emotional health becomes paramount. This study aimed to examine how online education impacts students’ emotional well-being, considering social interaction as a mediating factor. A quantitative research design was employed, targeting students enrolled in online programs at Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU). A sample of 2,000 students was taken from four different faculties and programs through stratified random sampling. The data were collected using a self-developed tool with three scales and a total of 28 items. The data were analyzed through SPSS and AMOS. In the results, the study found a significant direct association between online education and students’ emotional well-being (β = 60.52%). In addition, the study also found a significant indirect association between online education and students’ emotional well-being through the mediating role of social interaction (β = 39.48%). In conclusion, students who were getting online education had concerns about their emotional well-being due to the long screen time. No social interaction due to online learning also significantly contributed to increasing issues about emotional well-being among students. Keywords: Online education, emotional well-being, mental health, education, teacher

This research has been conducted to determine the impact of social skills and sports participation on the academic achievement of university students in digital era. Correlational research design was employed. The study was quantitative in nature. All final year (211) students at University of Baltistan, Skardu were selected through purposive cluster sampling. The sample consisted of 59.9% girls and 40.1% boys. In this study, three factors of social skills, peer relationship skills, empathy and teamwork were investigated. Self-developed questionnaire was utilized to collect data regarding students’ social skills and CGPA. Mean, standard deviation and linear regression were utilized to analyse data. Both findings and conclusion suggest that there was a positive relationship between social skills and academic achievement of university students. Additionally, it was also revealed that there was no significant impact of sports participation on the academic achievement of university students. Keywords: Academic Achievement, Social Skills, Sports participation, Himalaya, Pakistan

Higher education plays a pivotal role in shaping the future of societies and economies. As educational models evolve, it is crucial to understand how different learning environments affect student performance and satisfaction. This study compares traditional and online learning environments in higher education, focusing on student motivation, academic performance, and satisfaction. The study utilizes survey data collected from 270 students across universities offering both traditional and online courses. The findings highlight significant differences in student engagement, performance, and satisfaction between the two learning environments, with online learning environments presenting both opportunities and challenges for academic success. Keywords: Traditional Learning, Online Learning, Student Motivation, Academic Performance, Student Satisfaction, Higher Education

In modern days, rapid emergence of digital gadgets is actually the secret behind the success of distance learning system globally. The current study focused on use of smartphone as a learning tool in distance education. The objectives of the study were to examine the distance learner’s attitude about the use of smartphone as a learning tool and gender differences in use of smartphone for learning. It was descriptive study, and cross sectional survey design was used. The participants of the study were included 258 students from B.Ed 1.5 Years program of Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad region. Proportionate stratified random sampling technique was used to ensure the equal representation of sample from each semester. A self- developed questionnaire on 3 point likert scale was used to collect data from participants. Frequency, Percentage, Mean and t-test were used for data analysis. Results of the study indicated that majority of the students have awareness about smartphone usage for academic purpose, they found smartphone user friendly in terms of quick learning and easily accessible at any place. Use of smartphone makes learning interesting and convenient at fingertips anywhere and anytime. Majority of the students do not have much awareness about the usage of latest software’s e.g Microsoft Teams, Zoom Application, Google Meet etc. It was suggested that government may provide smartphones with fastest internet connectivity to students at national and provincial level through Youth schemes. Further recommended, before implementing smartphone usage for educational purpose, students must be trained; about latest software’s and effective use of smartphone for learning purpose. Key words: Smartphone, Distance Learning, Distance learners, Digital gadgets, AIOU

The Middle Tech pilot program, launched in 2022 by AIOU and JICA, the Middle Tech pilot program blends ALP with technical courses to reduce dropouts and boost employability, focusing on ICT integration in agriculture and electronics. This study explores the challenges in implementing the program and its alignment with industry standards and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 1 (No Poverty), 2 (Zero Hunger), and 4 (Quality Education). This study explores the critical issue of the high dropout rate in Pakistan between primary and middle school, highlighting key challenges such as the lack of middle schools, economic constraints, and limited vocational training. Addressing these barriers is essential to improving retention rates and providing students with pathways to both education and employment. A qualitative case study approach was employed, utilizing interviews, document analysis, and checklist. All the stakeholders participated in the study. The study revealed challenges in instructor training, digital infrastructure, and quality assurance, highlighting the need for improved ICT integration, timely book supply, syllabus reduction, and the adoption of English as the medium of study. To overcome these challenges, the study suggests expanding digital resources, improving career guidance, incorporating hands-on training, and fostering industry collaboration.